التطور الفكري والثقافي في بلاد الأندلس خلال عهد إمارة بني أمية (138-316هـ/755-928م)

Abstract

Al-Andalus witnessed remarkable development in all aspects of life during the Umayyad Emirate, particularly in the intellectual and cultural spheres. This development resulted from the availability of favorable conditions for the growth of these sciences and knowledge, such as the arrival of a number of Companions of the Prophet who accompanied the Islamic armies during the Islamic conquests, in addition to attracting many scholars from the East. The Umayyad rulers paid great attention to science and knowledge, which contributed to a broad scientific and cultural renaissance.

In Al-Andalus, in particular, a number of religious sciences flourished, such as the science of Quranic readings, exegesis, hadith, and jurisprudence. A large number of scholars dedicated their lives to the development of these sciences, making Al-Andalus a scientific and cultural center in Europe. Students flocked to it from all over the Islamic and non-Islamic world to learn from its scholars.

The Arabic language is also one of the most important sciences that were transmitted to Andalusia after the Islamic Sharia sciences. The Arabic language and its literature received great attention after the Islamic conquest of this non-Arab country, and it topped the languages ​​that were prevalent at that time, as it is the language of the Holy Qur’an. As a result of the presence of a large number of scholars who excelled in the field of the Arabic language and its most important branches of grammar, literature and poetry, and muwashshahat, Andalusia became a cultural center that shone its light on the rest of Europe, which was reeling under the weight of ignorance in the Dark Ages